英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法解析
語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法是針對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行研究后，系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)歸納出來(lái)的一系列語(yǔ)言規(guī)則。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的精髓在于掌握語(yǔ)言的使用。下面小編帶來(lái)英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法解析，歡迎閱讀！
英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法解析 篇1
1.先行詞為all, anything, something, nothing, everything, much, little, none等不定代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞一般只用that，不用which。在大多數(shù)情況下that可以省略.
Please tell me everything you know about the matter.
Thats all we can do at the moment.
2.as引出的限制性定語(yǔ)從句
在such as的結(jié)構(gòu)中as可作關(guān)系代詞，引出限制性定語(yǔ)從句。有時(shí)和same連用，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等。
Such people as were recommended by him were reliable.
Ive never seen such a talented young man as he is.
I have the same trouble as you .
3.as引出的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
as可作關(guān)系代詞引出非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，代替整個(gè)主句，通常譯為(正)如一樣，(正)象一樣等。as引導(dǎo)的從句一般用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)，可以位于主句的前面、中間或后面.
I live a long way from work, as you know.
She did not, as her friend had feared, break down.
As is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.
4.分隔式定語(yǔ)從句
定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后，但有時(shí)會(huì)被其他句子成分與先行詞隔開(kāi)，從而構(gòu)成分隔式定語(yǔ)從句。
英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法解析 篇2
1)介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。
2)that前不能有介詞。
3)某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)或原因狀語(yǔ)的介詞+關(guān)系詞結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when 和where 互換。例如：
This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 這是我兩年前住過(guò)的房子。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 還記得你加入我們俱樂(lè)部的那一天嗎?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
18.6 as, which 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句
由as, which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，as和which可代整個(gè)主句，相當(dāng)于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：
As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health. 如我們所知，吸煙有害健康。
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太陽(yáng)使地球暖起來(lái)，這對(duì)我們?nèi)祟?lèi)很重要。
典型例題
1)Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
A. it B. that C. which D. he
答案C. 此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子不能單以逗號(hào)連接。況且選he句意不通。
英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法解析 篇3
1、限定性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句
定語(yǔ)從句就其與先行詞的關(guān)系而言，可分為限定性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。限定性定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞之間沒(méi)有逗號(hào)，表示對(duì)先行詞起修飾限制作用;而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞之間有逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，是對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，相當(dāng)于并列句。
如：He is the man who has a strong personality. 他是個(gè)個(gè)性很強(qiáng)的人。(限定性定語(yǔ)從句)
My brother, who works abroad, is coming next week. 我哥哥在國(guó)外工作，他下周將回來(lái)。(非限定性定語(yǔ)從句)
注：
1) 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句不能用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)，一般用which，as或who(指人)。用which或as引導(dǎo)時(shí)，既可以修飾主句的部分內(nèi)容，也可修飾主句的全部?jī)?nèi)容。如：
He spoke confidently, which impressed me most. (which指代整個(gè)主句，在從句中作主語(yǔ))
2) as引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，但which或who引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句不能放在主句之前。如：As we all know, the moon is a satellite of the earth.The large area is covered with thick snow, which affects people‘s life greatly.
3) 在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略;但在 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不能省略。如：
The film (which) I saw last night is about a young teacher. (which可以省去)
She introduced me to her husband, whom I hadn’t met before. (whom不能省去)
2、只用關(guān)系代詞that，不用 which，who或whom的幾種情況
1)當(dāng)先行詞是all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, none, few等時(shí)。如：All that you want are here.
2) 當(dāng)先行詞被all, no, some, any, every, a few, a little, much, only, very等修飾時(shí)。如：There is no person that doesn’t make mistakes.
3)當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。如：This is the best film that I have ever seen.
4)當(dāng)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的先行詞，并同時(shí)兼指人和物時(shí)。如： We are talking about the people and countries that we have
visited.
5) 當(dāng)主句是以which 或 who 開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。如： Who is the person that is standing over there?
6) 當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句為there be 句型時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只用that，
但經(jīng)常可以省略。如： I know the difference (that) there is between you.
7)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用that。如：He does not seem to be the man that he was
他似乎和過(guò)去不一樣了。
3、 as 與其他詞連用引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
as 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可指人也可指物，通常與the same，such，so等連用，形式為：the same… as，such… as，as …as，so… as。As在定語(yǔ)從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。如：
She knew he felt just the same as she did. 她知道他的感覺(jué)與她自己的一樣。(as代替事，作賓語(yǔ))
I lend you such books as will interest you. 我借給你使你感興趣的書(shū)。(as代替物，作主語(yǔ))
注：the same… as 和the same… that的用法不同。as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句表示其內(nèi)容與主句所講的事物“相似”，指同類(lèi)事物;that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句表示其內(nèi)容與主句所講的`事物是“同一個(gè)”，指同一事物。如：
This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. 這和我昨天丟的筆一樣。(類(lèi)似的筆)
This is the same pen that I lost yesterday. 這支筆就是我昨天丟的那支。(同一支筆)
4、“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
在“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞的選擇取決于3種情況：
1)定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或表語(yǔ)的搭配。如： This is the college in which I am studying. He is the man about whom we are talking.
2)先行詞與介詞的習(xí)慣搭配。如： The speed at which the machine operates is shown on the meter.
儀表上顯示出這臺(tái)機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的速度。
3)當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句為最高級(jí)時(shí)只能用of which; 否則用其他介詞。如： I have five dictionaries of which Longman Dictionary is the best. I have five dictionaries among which Longman Dictionary is published in UK.
注：不可拆分的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)介詞不能提前，如put up with;有的短語(yǔ)可能有不同的介詞搭配，此時(shí)需要根據(jù)上下文來(lái)確定。如：be familiar with/to，compare with/to等。
有時(shí)為表意清楚，還可以在關(guān)系副詞where/ when前加介詞from, to等。如：
China is the birthplace of kites, from
where kite flying spreads to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.
中國(guó)是風(fēng)箏的故鄉(xiāng)，從這里，放風(fēng)箏的運(yùn)動(dòng)傳到了日本、韓國(guó)、泰國(guó)和印度。
注 定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別
定語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中的功能相當(dāng)于形容詞，它對(duì)先行詞起修飾、描述或限制作用。而同位語(yǔ)從句則屬于名詞性從句，對(duì)與它有同位關(guān)系得名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋?zhuān)蛊鋬?nèi)容具體化。例如：
She felt very sad because of the news that her husband was killed in an aircraft crash. (同位語(yǔ)從句)
The fact that she told me made me very angry. (定語(yǔ)從句)
英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法解析 篇4
關(guān)系代詞as與which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，其先行詞都可以是整個(gè)主句，指代主句的整個(gè)意 思。但as和which具有不同的詞義、句法和用法。
1. as引導(dǎo)的從句表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的看法、態(tài)度、解釋或評(píng)論
引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，as仍具有正如，像，由……可知等意思，翻譯時(shí) 有時(shí)可不必譯出。as定語(yǔ)從句常含有這些動(dòng)詞：see， know， hear， watch， remember， say， tell， show， expect， guess等，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞與as連用幾乎成了一種固定搭配。as引導(dǎo)的此類(lèi)從句可以置于句首、句中或 句尾。如：
The famous magician Liu Qian， as we all know， is from Taiwan. 眾所周知，著名魔術(shù)師劉 謙是臺(tái)灣人。
There is a net bar around here， as I remember. 我記得這兒附近有一家網(wǎng)吧。
As is often the case， girls like dolls while boys like guns. 女孩子喜歡玩具而男孩子 喜歡槍?zhuān)@是常見(jiàn)的情況。
2. which引導(dǎo)的從句對(duì)主句所敘述的事情進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，表明事物的狀態(tài)或結(jié)果
which此時(shí)指前面主句所提到的這件事，常譯為這一點(diǎn)，這件事等。這時(shí)它所引 導(dǎo)的從句與主句之間常含有并列、因果關(guān)系。注意，它引導(dǎo)的從句不像as那樣位置靈活，它只能位于主句 的后面。如：
He changed his mind again， which made us all angry. 他又改變了主意，這使我們大家都生 氣了。
She tore up my photos， which (=and that) upset me.她撕碎了我的照片，這使我很不安。
3. 在從句中作定語(yǔ)或介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用which，不用as
Jenny might come， in which case I‘ll ask her. 詹妮可能會(huì)來(lái)，要是那樣的話(huà)我就去問(wèn) 她。
She graduated from a local middle school， after which she went to Beijing University. 她畢業(yè)于當(dāng)?shù)氐囊凰袑W(xué)，之后她去了北京大學(xué)。
4. 當(dāng)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定形式或含著一個(gè)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用which而不用as
He pretended not to know me， which I didn’t understand. 他假裝不認(rèn)識(shí)我，這是我搞 不明白的。
He admires everyone in his class， which I find quite strange. 他羨慕班里的每個(gè)學(xué)生， 我認(rèn)為太奇怪了。
【特別說(shuō)明】
as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的最大特點(diǎn)是位置靈活；其次，as有以下常見(jiàn)的，而which不具備的 固定表達(dá)：
as we all know 眾所周知
as I can remember 正如我所記得的
as often happens 正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣
as we expect 正如我們預(yù)料的那樣
as you see 這一點(diǎn)你明白
as was expected 正如預(yù)料的那樣
as can be seen 看得出來(lái)
as may be imagined 正如可以想象的那樣
as has been said above 如上所述
as we all can see 正如我們都能看到的那樣
as is often the case 像常規(guī)那樣
as everybody can do 正如人人都能做到的那樣
英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法解析 篇5
1. 分隔定語(yǔ)從句。
先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間有時(shí)也會(huì)插入別的成分，構(gòu)成先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句的隔離，這種從句叫分隔定語(yǔ)從句。例如：
This is the article written by him that I spoke to you about.
He was the only person in this country that was invited.
�、僖蚨ㄕZ(yǔ)從句過(guò)長(zhǎng)，為使句子保持平衡，常將定語(yǔ)從句和其所修飾的名詞或代詞分開(kāi)。
The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that faraway village.
�、谠诙ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中使用“插入語(yǔ)”以增加語(yǔ)言的靈活性。
The pen I thought I had lost is on my desk，right under my nose.
2. as 和 which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。
�、� as 有“正如，就像”之意，在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，從句可位于主句的前面、中間或后面，一般用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)。
As we had expected，her performance was wonderful.
A panda， as we know，is a lovely animal.
Tom is the tallest in our class，as you know.
但 which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句一般只能放在主句之后。例如：
The result of the experiment was very good，which we hadn’t expected.
②在主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，which 和 as 作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可互換使用。
He was an Englishman，which / as I knew from his accent.
作主語(yǔ)時(shí)通常用 which ，而不用 as .但在“主語(yǔ) +be+done ”結(jié)構(gòu)中，as 作主語(yǔ)。例如：
He passed the examination，as was known.
�、� as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，通常用在表示肯定意義的從句中，而不能用在表示否定意義的從句中； which 則不受此限制。例如：
Mummy treats me just as a baby，which （不用 as ） I can’t bear.
She married again，which （不用 as ）was unexpected.
�、茉谫e補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，宜用 which ，而不用 as .例如：
He believed in God，which （不用 as ） I find strange.
He changed his mind，which （不用 as ） made me very angry.
�、荻ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞若為表示知覺(jué)的詞，如 see ，expect ，say ，know 等時(shí)，用 as 而不用 which .
As we expected / know， Xiao Ming took the first place in the game.
�、� as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句與 it 作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句和以 what 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。試比較：
As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.
It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
3. 定語(yǔ)從句與并列句的識(shí)別。
定語(yǔ)從句與主句之間要用“逗號(hào)”分隔，并且不能加入 and ， but ， so 等連接詞。并列句一般由 and ， but ， so 等詞連接，或中間用“分號(hào)”隔開(kāi)。例如：
He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows，most of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. （定語(yǔ)從句）
He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows，and most of them hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. （并列句）
He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows；most of them hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. （并列句）
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，the price of which was reasonable. （定語(yǔ)從句）
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase；the price of it was reasonable. （并列句）
John’s parents kept telling him that he should work hard，but it didn’t help. （并列句）
4. that 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句與結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。
This is so interesting a book that all of us want to read it. （ so …… that 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句）
This is so interesting a book as all of us want to read. （ as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句）
通過(guò)以上兩個(gè)例句不難看出， so …… that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，而定語(yǔ)從句中先行詞前有 so ， such ， the same 修飾時(shí)，常用“ as ”來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
5. 定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。
同位語(yǔ)從句是位于名詞 answer ， belief ， doubt ， decision ， explanation ， fact ， hope ， idea ， information ， news ， order ， problem ， promise ， truth 等后的句子，并對(duì)這些句詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明或解釋?zhuān)粡木湟话闶且粋�(gè)完整的句子，引導(dǎo)詞 that 只起引導(dǎo)作用，不作句子成分，且 that 不可省略；同位語(yǔ)從句不可用 which 引導(dǎo)。而定語(yǔ)從句通常是一不完整的句子，缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)等。作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)， that 可省略。
The fact that she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear. （同位語(yǔ)從句）
The fact （that / which） she told me yesterday is very important. （定語(yǔ)從句）
「鞏固性練習(xí)」
1. _________ is mentioned above， the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.
A. As B. It C. That D. What
2. Now Children like to go to the fast food restaurant， _________ as the name says， eating doesn’t take much time.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
3. Sometimes the earthquake is so violent that it can destroy the whole city， _________ happened in Tang Shan in 1976.
A. as B. that C. where D. like
4. Recently my father bought a Chinese painting， _________ was very reasonable.
A. the price of it B. which price
C. the price of which D. its price
5. We will be shown around the city： schools， museums， and some other places， _________ other visitors seldom go.
A. what B. which C. where D. when
6. We were next-door neighbors for three years， during ________ time we met only twice.
A. which B. this C. in which D. same
7. Living in the central Australia desert has its problems， _________ getting water is not the least.
A. as B. for what C. of which D. for what
8. We should do more such exercises in the future， I think， ________ those we did yesterday.
A. as B. which C. that D. it
9. Gone are the days _________ we spent together in the village.
A. that B. when C. in which D. on which
10. He failed his exam， _________ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.
A. as B. which C. that D. A and B
11. He must be from Africa， _________ can be seen from his skin.
A. that B. as C. who D. what
「參考答案」
1. A 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. A
7. C 8. A 9. A 10. D 11. B
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