用復(fù)合句增強(qiáng)句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系使你的句子變得緊湊，改寫(xiě)句子填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使句意與原句意義相同，有效地使用了語(yǔ)句間的連接成分使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，原文并沒(méi)有明顯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤但讀上去不夠簡(jiǎn)潔顯得羅嗦。
如何寫(xiě)出好句子
如何寫(xiě)出好句子
如何寫(xiě)出好句子：好句子的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)是：用詞準(zhǔn)確、邏輯清晰、簡(jiǎn)潔明了、可讀性強(qiáng)。
1.學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用復(fù)合句
復(fù)合句包括：名詞性從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句
用復(fù)合句增強(qiáng)句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，使你的句子變得緊湊
［練習(xí)］
根據(jù)句子之間的關(guān)系，用正確的連詞使其成為復(fù)合句。
（1）Childrengrowolder.Theyprefertobemoreindependentratherthanbeatthemercyoftheirparents.
Whenchildrengrowolder,theyprefertobemoreindependentratherthanbeatthemercyoftheirparents.
（2）Iwasveryexcited.Icouldn’texpremyselfinwords.
IwassoexcitedthatIcouldn’texpremyselfinwords.
（3）Wewillhaveafurtherdiscussion.Wedrawafinalconclusion.
Wewillhaveafurtherdiscussionbeforewedrawafinalconclusion.
（4）Theeconomyinthisareaisdevelopingrapidly.Thequalitiesofsomecitizensarestillnotsatisfactory.
Althoughtheeconomyinthisareaisdevelopingrapidly,thequalitiesofsomecitizensarestillnotsatisfactory.
（5）Youareallowedtodrivemycar.Youshoulddrivecarefullyandslowly.
Youareallowedtodrivemycaronconditionthat/aslongasyoushoulddrivecarefullyandslowly.
（6）Theteacherhadreadmycomposition.Hegavemehisopinion.
Aftertheteacherhadreadmycomposition,hegavemehisopinion.
（7）Youhavegotthesecret.Pleasedon’tspreaditinpublic.
Ifyouhavegotthesecret,pleasedon’tspreaditinpublic.
（8）Theyarrivedatthefarm.Theywerewelcomedbythefarmers.
Themoment/Assoonastheyarrivedatthefarm,theywerewelcomedbythefarmers.
（9）TheInternationalRedCroisanorganization.Itspurposeistohelpthesickandtheneedy.TheInternationalRedCroisanorganizationwhosepurposeistohelpthesickandtheneedy.
（10）Idecidedtofindajob.Icouldearnthemoney.
IdecidedtofindajobsothatIcouldearnthemoney.
2.學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使你的句子簡(jiǎn)潔。
［練習(xí)］
運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞完成下列句子：
（1）MostoftheartistswhohadbeeninvitedtothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.
MostoftheartistsinvitedtothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.
（2）Thepricesofthecomputerswhicharebeingshownherearestillunknown.
Thepricesofthecomputersbeingshownherearestillunknown.
（3）Afterhehadbeendesertedbyhisguide,hecouldn’tfindhiswaythroughthejungle.
Havingbeendesertedbyhisguide,hecouldn’tfindhiswaythroughthejungle.
（4）Nowadaystheoldpeopleoftendomorningexercisesintheparkinorderthattheycouldkeephealthy.
Nowadaystheoldpeopleoftendomorningexercisesintheparktokeephealthy.
（5）Thechurchwasbuiltin1829.ItistheoldestEuropeanstructure.
Thechurchbuiltin1829istheoldestEuropeanstructure.
（6）Janewasdisturbedbythenoise.Sheturnedofftheradio.
Disturbedbythenoise,Janeturnedofftheradio.
（7）Garywastired.Hedecidedtogotobed.
Beingtired,Garydecidedtogotobed.
（8）AsIfelthungry,Idecidedtowalktotheshopandbuysomefood.
Feelinghungry,Idecidedtowalktotheshopandbuysomefood.
（9）Isenthimane-mailandhopedtogetfurtherinformationaboutSARS.
Isenthimane-mail,hopingtogetfurtherinformationaboutSARS.
（10）AssoonasIenteredtheclassroom,IfoundallmyclassmateswerebusystudyingEnteringtheclassroom,Ifoundallmyclassmateswerebusystudying
3.學(xué)會(huì)句式的變化
用不同的表達(dá)方法來(lái)豐富你的句式
［練習(xí)］
改寫(xiě)句子，填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使句意與原句意義相同。
1.Itwasnotlongbeforehehadtoleaveforanotherplace.
Beforelong,hewasforcedtomoveon.
2.Theroomissosmallthatwecan’tputthepianoinit.
Theroomistoosmallforustoputthepianoin.
3.BychanceImetanoldfriendofminethatday.
Ihappenedtomeetanoldfriendofminethatday.
IthappenedthatImetanoldfriendofminethatday.
4.Thatwasbecausewewerenotcarefulenough.
Thatwasbecauseofourcarelessness.
5.Thepeoplewereindeepsorrowwhentheyheardthissadnews.
Thepeoplewereindeepsorrowatthissadnews.
6.Ifyouwon’tdoit,I’llgetTomtodoit.
Ifyouwon’tdoit,I’llmake/haveTomdoit.
7.Wethinkthatitisourdutytotakecareoftheseyoungtrees.
Wethinkitourdutytotakecareoftheseyoungtrees.
8.WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedhere.
Asaboy,Iusedtoplayhere.
9.Ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulsuitbefore.
Ihaveneverseensobeautifulasuitbefore.
10.Ifitdoesn’train,we’llholdthesportsmeet.
Unleitrains,we’llholdthesportsmeet.
11.DoyoumindifIsmokehere?
Doyoumindmy/mesmokinghere?
12.IwaswalkingaimlesslythroughthestreetwhenIsawatailor’sshop.
IwaswanderingthroughthestreetwhenIcaughtsightofatailor’sshop.
13.Hearingthenews,hehurriedhome.
After/Whenheheardthenews,hewenthomeinahurry.
14.Heneverhesitatestohelpothers.
Healwayshelpsotherswithoutanyhesitation.
15.Theyoungmancamein,whowasholdingabookinhishand.
Theyoungmancamein,holding/withabookinhishand.
16.Liberationbroughtaboutacompletechangeinhislife.
Itwasliberationthatbroughtaboutacompletechangeinhislife.
17.Thewindowsneedcleaning.
Thewindowsneedtobecleaned.
18.Idon’tthinkhewillapologizetome.
Idon’tthinkhewillmakeanapologytome.
19.Itseemedthattheyweretalkingaboutsomethingimportant.
Theyseemedtobetalkingaboutsomethingimportant.
20.It’stimeforustodiscuthisproblem.
It’stimethatweshoulddiscuss/discussedthisproblem.
21.You’reverykindtosayso.
It’sverykindofyoutosayso.
22.Theforeignvisitorswerewarmlywelcomedattheairport.
Theforeignvisitorsweregivenawarmwelcomeattheairport.
23.AsIwascoughingbadly,thedoctortoldmetostopsmoking.
Thedoctoradvisedmetogiveupsmoking,forIwascoughingbadly.
24.Withthehelpofthemap,wefoundtheplacewithoutanytrouble.
Withthehelpofthemap,wehadnotroubleinfindingtheplace.
25.AsIwastiredout,Iwenttosleepsoon.
Beingtiredout,Ifellasleepsoon.
26.Itoldhimtogotoschoolandatlasthetookmyadvice.
AtlastIpersuadedhimtogotoschool.
27.PeoplesaidhewouldinviteMr.Browntodinner
ItwassaidthathewouldinviteMr.Browntodinner.
HewassaidtoinviteMr.Browntodinner.
28.Goodpronunciationisveryimportant.
Goodpronunciationisofgreatimportance.
29.IrantoschoolsoquicklythatIcouldhardlybreathewhenIreachedthere.
IrantoschoolsoquicklythatIwasquiteoutofbreathwhenIreachedthere.
30.Ididn’tfinishreadingthenoveluntilyesterday.
ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIfinishedreadingthenovel.
NotuntilyesterdaydidIfinishreadingthenovel.
31.Althoughhewasquiteyoung,hediditverywell.
Quiteyoungashewas,hediditverywell.
32.Shehadtosellherhouse.Thatwastheonlywayoutforher.
Shehadnochoicebuttosellherhouse.
33.Hewenttostudyatacollegeattheageof18.
Whenhewas18,hewenttostudyatacollege.
34.Whatsurprisedmegreatlywastofindshewassuchafineswimmer.
Tomygreatsurprise,Ifoundshewassuchafineswimmer.
35.“Mary,doyouagreewithme?”Johnasked.
JohnaskedMaryif/whethersheagreedwithhim.
36.Mybrotherhasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.
Itisthreeyearssincemybrotherjoinedthearmy.
Mybrotherjoinedthearmythreeyearsago.
37.Shesaidtome,“Don’tforgettoringhimuptomorrowmorning.”
Shetoldmenottoforgettoringhimupthenextmorning.
38.Weleftearlysothatweshouldn’tbelateforthemeeting.
Westartedoutearlyinordernottobelateforthemeeting.
39.Lookroundbeforeyoucrothestreet.
Lookroundbefore/when/whilecrossingthestreet.
40.Workhardandyouwillsucceed.
Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.
41.Shesuddenlybegantocry.
Sheburstintotears.
42.sheistooyoungtogotoschool.
Sheisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.
43.Itisnotpolitetomakeothersbelaughedat.
Itisnotpolitetomakefunofothers.
44.Mathildewouldrathernotgotothepalaceballunleshegotsomejewelry.
Mathildewouldratherstayathomethangotothepalaceballifshecouldn’tgetanyjewelry.
45.Itisbetterforyoutogiveupdrinking.
Youhadbettergiveupdrinking.
46.Itisnotnecessaryforyoutoworryabouthim.
Youneednotworryabouthim.
Thereisnoneedtoworryabouthim.
47.Ashewasverypoor,hecouldn’tgotocollege.
Hispovertypreventedhimfromgoingtocollege.
48.Theenemysoldier,whowasfulloffear,kepttrembling
Theenemysoldier,fulloffear,kepttrembling.
49.Hehasformedthehabitofsleepingearlyandgettingupearly.
Hehasmadeitaruletosleepearlyandgetupearly.
Hehasgotusedtosleepingearlyandgettingupearly.
50.WeoftenhearhersingEnglishsongsinhersparetime.
SheisoftenheardtosingEnglishsongsinhersparetime.
書(shū)面表達(dá)如何寫(xiě)出好句子
書(shū)面表達(dá)如何寫(xiě)出好句子？
評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為：
完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。
—覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。
—應(yīng)用了較多的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。
—語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯方面有些錯(cuò)誤，但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高詞匯所致；具備較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。
—有效地使用了語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。
完全達(dá)到預(yù)期的寫(xiě)作目的。
以前高考書(shū)面表達(dá)評(píng)分主要是根據(jù)要點(diǎn)和語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確程度而定，因此考生在書(shū)面表達(dá)時(shí)，也只注重不遺漏要點(diǎn)和正確使用語(yǔ)言知識(shí)（如謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)等）這兩個(gè)方面，很少考慮或根本不考慮“使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高詞匯”，導(dǎo)致最后寫(xiě)出來(lái)的東西千篇一律，缺乏生氣，影響了自己的成績(jī)。
那么，考生怎樣才能在書(shū)面表達(dá)中避免語(yǔ)句表達(dá)單一化，寫(xiě)出好的句子來(lái)呢？本文擬結(jié)合新的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)學(xué)生書(shū)面表達(dá)中的一些語(yǔ)句作一分析，并提出一些寫(xiě)作建議，以幫助考生寫(xiě)出豐富多彩的句子出來(lái)，提高自己的書(shū)面表達(dá)能力。
一、要適當(dāng)?shù)囟嗍褂靡恍┰~組、習(xí)語(yǔ)來(lái)代替一些單詞，以增加文采，豐富語(yǔ)句的表現(xiàn)力。如：
【原文】Shedoesn’tlikesports.
【修正】Shecaresnothingforsports.
【原文】Anewrailwayisbeingbuiltinmyhometown.
【修正】Anewrailwayisunderconstructioninmyhometown.
英語(yǔ)習(xí)語(yǔ)、詞組十分豐富，考生在自己的書(shū)面表達(dá)中，能適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眠@些短語(yǔ)，無(wú)疑是一個(gè)提高水平的十分行之有效的方法。
二、盡量避免過(guò)多地重復(fù)使用的某一單詞，必要時(shí)應(yīng)選擇使用其它恰當(dāng)?shù)耐x詞或詞組來(lái)代替。如：
【原文】Ilikereadingwhilemybrotherlikeswatchingtelevision.
【修正】Ilikereadingwhilemybrotherenjoyswatchingtelevision.
【原文】We’vebuiltanewclassroombuildingbesidestheoldoneandwe’vealsobuiltalibrarywheretheoldplaygroundusedtobe.
【修正】We’vebuiltanewclassroombuildingbesidestheoldoneandwe’vealsosetupalibrarywheretheoldplaygroundusedtobe.
三、要注意使用不同結(jié)構(gòu)、不同長(zhǎng)度的句子，盡量使句型多樣化，避免單調(diào)。如：
【原文】Thereisanewclassroombuildingononesideoftheroad.Thereusedtobeaplaygroundontheothersidebefore.Butthereisalibrarynow.Thereareallkindsofbooks,newspapersandmagazinesinthelibrary.Thereisanewplaygroundinfrontoftheschool.Therearealotoftreesinandaroundtheschool.
【修正】Ononesideoftheroadthereisanewclassroombuilding.Ontheotherside,wheretheplaygroundusedtobe,nowstandsanothernewbuilding—ourlibrary,inwhichyoucanfindallkindsofbooks,newspapersandmagazines.Theplaygroundisnowinfrontoftheschool.Wehavealsoplantedalotoftreesinandaroundtheschool.
原文在語(yǔ)法上并沒(méi)有什么錯(cuò)誤，但由于通篇過(guò)多地使用了therebe結(jié)構(gòu)，不但使得表達(dá)的內(nèi)容顯得單調(diào)乏味，而且還給閱卷老師一種“不成熟”的感覺(jué)。我們可通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)換句式來(lái)避免句子結(jié)構(gòu)的單一化。同一個(gè)意思，可使用不同的表達(dá)方法，這樣做既可以突出重點(diǎn)，又能豐富表達(dá)，增加文采。
四、多使用一些主從復(fù)合句來(lái)代替簡(jiǎn)單句，可使書(shū)面表達(dá)行文更加豐富多彩。如：
【原文】Wehadtogohome.
【修正】Allwecoulddowastogohome.
【原文】Themealwasverynice.Weallenjoyeditverymuch.
【修正】Themealwassonicethatweallenjoyeditverymuch.
【原文】IstudiedChinese,maths,English,physics,chemistryandcomputeratschool.
【修正】ThemainsubjectsIstudiedatschoolincludedChinese,maths,English,physics,chemistryandcomputer.
五、改變句子開(kāi)頭方式，不要一味地都是主語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭，接著是謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，最后再在句末加上一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)。我們可以適當(dāng)?shù)匕岩恍┏煞郑ㄈ鐮钫Z(yǔ)）提前位于句子的開(kāi)頭，使整個(gè)句子讀起來(lái)有點(diǎn)跌宕起伏，增加書(shū)面表達(dá)的表現(xiàn)力。
【原文】Wemetattheschoolgateandwenttheretogetherearlyinthemorning.
【修正】Earlyinthemorningwemetattheschoolgateandwenttheretogether.
【原文】Theyoungmanpointedtoapolicemannotfarawayandsaid,“Hestoppedusanhouragoandtoldustocatchanotheroffender.”
【修正】Pointingtoapolicemannotfaraway,theyoungmanexplained,“Hestoppedusanhouragoandmadeuscatchanotheroffender.”
六、通過(guò)合句，將意義相關(guān)的幾個(gè)句子用一定的連接方式連接起來(lái)，或通過(guò)緊縮，去掉一些多余的成分，避免冗長(zhǎng)累贅、松散無(wú)力，以增強(qiáng)句子的連貫性，達(dá)到更好的表達(dá)效果。
如：
【原文】Wehadashortrest.Thenwebegantoplayhappily.Wesanganddanced.Sometoldstories.Someplayedchess.
【修正】Afterashortrest,wehadgreatfunsinginganddancing,tellingjokesandplayingchess.
原文并沒(méi)有明顯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，但讀上去不夠簡(jiǎn)潔，顯得羅嗦。可把原若干簡(jiǎn)單句合并成帶有一個(gè)共同主語(yǔ)的句子。又如：
【原文】NowZhangGeZhuangPrimarySchoolhasthreeteachers.Theyteach48pupils.
【修正】NowZhangGeZhuangPrimarySchoolhasthreeteachers,teaching48pupils.
【原文】MybrotherwasridingthebikeandIsatontheseatbehindhim.
【修正】Mybrotherwasridingthebikewithmesittingontheseatbehind.
七、在整篇文章眾多的主謂賓句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，可適當(dāng)?shù)卮蚱瞥Ｒ?guī)，用一些倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句或感嘆句，為意思的表達(dá)增添一點(diǎn)新意。
【原句】Myparentspraisedthedogwarmly.Ithadsavedmylittlesisterbravely.
【修正】Myparentspraisedthedogwarmly.Itwasourbravedogwhohadsavedmylittlesister.
【原句】Theheadofthefarmshowedusaround.Weweregladtoseethecropsandvegetablesgrowingverywell.
【修正】Theheadofthefarmshowedusaround.Howgladweweretoseethecropsandvegetablesgrowingsowell.
八、連接成分起著承上啟下的作用，是語(yǔ)義關(guān)系過(guò)渡的橋梁。有效地使用語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，可使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，層次清楚，過(guò)渡自然。如：
【原文】OnthemorningofFebruary8,2000,at7:15,IwasonmywayalongParkRoadtowardstheeast.IsawanoldmancomeoutoftheCityPark.AyellowcardroveupThirdStreet.Itsuddenlyturnedright.Ithittheoldman.Hefelldownwithacry.Thecardidn’tstoptosavetheoldman.Itranawayquickly.
【修正】Theaccidenthappenedat7:15onthemorningofFebruary8,2000.IwaswalkingalongParkRoadtowardstheeastwhenanelderlymancameoutoftheparkontheoppositesideofthestreet.ThenIsawayellowcardriveupThirdStreetandmakeasuddenrightturnintoParkRoad.Thenextmomentthecarhittheoldman.Hefelldownwithacry.Butthecardidn’tstoptosavetheoldman.Instead，itdroveoffatgreatspeed.
原文顯得支離破碎、層次不明，通過(guò)運(yùn)用一些連接成分或過(guò)渡詞后，原結(jié)構(gòu)松散的句子就有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來(lái)，變得上下連貫，渾然一體了。
最后，我們還要提醒考生，在使用比較復(fù)雜的句型和結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，一定要注意分寸，應(yīng)根據(jù)書(shū)面表達(dá)的內(nèi)容和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)而定，千萬(wàn)不要弄巧成拙。
原文刊登于《英語(yǔ)通高三版》2001.6.
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