高中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句
英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句在高中是重點(diǎn)知識(shí)之一，以下是小編分享的高中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句，一起來(lái)閱讀吧！
一、定語(yǔ)從句之結(jié)構(gòu)
定語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)充當(dāng)句中定語(yǔ)的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)；它主要用于修飾句子中的名詞、代詞。
定語(yǔ)從句的位置常常是緊跟在被修飾的名詞、代詞的后面。在被修飾的名詞、代詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間往往有一個(gè)關(guān)系詞將其前后兩部分聯(lián)系成一個(gè)整體，或是構(gòu)成一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)；或是構(gòu)成一個(gè)代詞短語(yǔ)。
從結(jié)構(gòu)上說(shuō)，關(guān)系詞與從句是一個(gè)整體。
排除句子的其他各部分，這種帶有定語(yǔ)從句的名詞短語(yǔ)或是代詞短語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成可演示如下：
1）Three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack.三種意味著一個(gè)人是患有驚恐癥而不是心臟病的跡象。
在這個(gè)帶有定語(yǔ)從句的名詞短語(yǔ)中：signs是：被修飾的名詞； that是：關(guān)系詞；that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack是定語(yǔ)從句
2）Those who drink a lot. 那些大量飲酒的人。
在這個(gè)帶有定語(yǔ)從句的代詞短語(yǔ)中：those是：被修飾的名詞； who是：關(guān)系詞;
定語(yǔ)從句通過(guò)上面的演示,我們可以歸納出定語(yǔ)從句在句子中的位置、結(jié)構(gòu)如下：被修飾的名詞 / 代詞 + 關(guān)系詞 + 句子 (其中，"被修飾的名詞/代詞"在語(yǔ)法叫作"先行詞".)
二、定語(yǔ)從句講解
�。ㄒ唬┒ㄕZ(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某個(gè)名詞或代詞的句子（做這個(gè)名詞或代詞的`定語(yǔ)）叫定語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句一般放在被修飾的名詞或代詞后面，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫做定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞，它與定語(yǔ)從句之間要有一個(gè)詞連接，這個(gè)詞指代先行詞的內(nèi)容叫做關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞：that, which, who, whose, when, where, why）。先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因狀語(yǔ)。
結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+定語(yǔ)從句。
1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.
2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.
3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.
4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.
5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.
6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.
（二）定語(yǔ)從句分為限定性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句：
限定性定語(yǔ)從句：從句對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行必要的描述或說(shuō)明，缺少它，則句義顯得不完整，從句與先行詞緊密相連。
非限定性定語(yǔ)從句：對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，解釋?zhuān)c先行詞之間有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, whichgrew to a terrible roar.
2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep.
3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying.
4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud.
（三）關(guān)系詞前面可以根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句的內(nèi)容加上一些介詞，這些關(guān)系詞在介詞后面常用which 或whom.
1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company.
2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.
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