定語(yǔ)從句和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
定語(yǔ)從句和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一直是SAT/ACT語(yǔ)法，甚至是理解閱讀文章中長(zhǎng)難句的重點(diǎn)，也是困擾很多考生的難點(diǎn)之一。下面是小編收集整理的定語(yǔ)從句和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，希望對(duì)您有所幫助!
定語(yǔ)從句和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解析：
熟悉非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的同學(xué)們應(yīng)該都知道，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞包括to do, doing和done，這三類(lèi)動(dòng)詞的特別之處就在于它們可以在句子里面充當(dāng)除謂語(yǔ)以外的任何成分，其中一個(gè)非常重要的用法就是位于名詞后作為名詞的后置定語(yǔ)，比如：
The semiarid lands bordering the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures.
以上例句里的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的短語(yǔ)“bordering the deserts”就是用作定語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾前面的名詞短語(yǔ)“the semiarid lands”。
很多同學(xué)很熟悉定語(yǔ)從句，而對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法總是有種望而卻步的感覺(jué)。
但是細(xì)心的同學(xué)肯定會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，其實(shí)在語(yǔ)法家族里，當(dāng)將非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用作后置定語(yǔ)的'時(shí)候，它與定語(yǔ)從句的用法是一樣的，兩者是名副其實(shí)地長(zhǎng)相不同，但卻有血緣關(guān)系的“遠(yuǎn)房表親”。比如，上面的例子我們就可以改寫(xiě)成定語(yǔ)從句：
The semiarid lands which border the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures.
再如以下帶有非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的句子：
Theorist adopting the psychodynamic approach hold that inner conflicts are crucial for understand human behavior, including aggression.
我們可以改成定語(yǔ)從句：
Theorist who adopt the psychodynamic approach hold that inner conflicts are crucial for understand human behavior, including aggression.
又如，以下的兩個(gè)句子的意思是相同的：
1.What audience came to see was the magic made possible by trick photography and manipulation of the cinema.
2.What audience came to see was the magic that was made possible by trick photography and manipulation of the cinema.
在很多情況下，學(xué)生更容易理解定語(yǔ)從句。所以，下次在處理包含非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的長(zhǎng)難句時(shí)，不妨將其改寫(xiě)成定語(yǔ)從句，方便我們理解長(zhǎng)難句。
那么問(wèn)題來(lái)了，定語(yǔ)從句和作定語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前是否有某種特定的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系呢?答案是有的，關(guān)系如下：
Which be to do = to do(表主動(dòng)/將來(lái))
Which do... = doing...(表主動(dòng))
Which be done... = done...(表被動(dòng))
為方便大家記憶，哈耶普的老師為大家準(zhǔn)備了一個(gè)“玫瑰凋謝理論”：
1.The roses to be planted in the garden are fading away.
2.Tho roses which are to be planted in the garden are fading away.
1.The roses growing in the garden are fading away.
2.The roses which grow in the garden are fading away
1.The roses planted in the garden are fading away.
2.The roses which are planted in the garden are fading away
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