2017年職稱英語《衛(wèi)生B》完型填空試題與答案

　　完形填空

　　part A

　　Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens

　　While some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to "self-medicate” against the blues, scientists atthe University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking mayactually 1 depressive symptoms in some teens.

　　"This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived2benefits ofsmoking among teens," says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the OntarioTobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto. " 3 cigarettes may appear to haveself-medicating4or to improve mood, in the long term we found that teens who started tosmoke reported higher depressive symptoms."

　　As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires5theiruse of cigarettes to affect mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French andEnglish participants, urban and rural schools, and schools 6 in high, moderate and lowsocio-economic neighbourhoods.

　　Participants were divided into three7: never smokers: smokers who did not use cigarettesto self-medicate, improve mood or physical8 ; smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate.

　　Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how felt too fired to do things: had9going to sleep or staying 10; felt unhappy, sad, or depressed; felt hopeless about thefuture; felt vexed, antsy or tense; and worried too much about things.

　　"Smokers who used cigarettes as mood 11 had higher risks of elevated depressivesymptoms than teens who had never smoked," says co-researcher Jennifer O'Loughlin, a professorat the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. "Our study foundthat teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of12depressive symptoms."

　　The 13 between depression and smoking exists 14among teens that use cigarettesto feel better. "It's 15 to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher amongteenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr.Chaiton.

　　1. A. examine

　　B. increase

　　C. decrease

　　D. diagnose

　　2. A. social

　　B. financial

　　C. emotional

　　D. political

　　3. A. Whatever

　　B. Although

　　C. Whenever

　　D. what

　　4. A. effects

　　B. methods

　　C. steps

　　D. directions

　　5. A. beside

　　B. beyond

　　C. in

　　D. about

　　6. A. exposed

　　B. expanded

　　C. located

　　D. detected

　　7. A. groups

　　B. sets

　　C. species

　　D. versions

　　8. A. world

　　B. activity

　　C. state

　　D. beauty

　　9. A. time

　　B. courage

　　C. energy

　　D. trouble

　　10. A. asleep

　　B. awake

　　C. still

　　D. silent

　　11. A. reducers

　　B. improvers

　　C. creators

　　D. removers

　　12. A. changing

　　B. identifying

　　C. developing

　　D. overcoming

　　13. A. difference

　　B. association

　　C. cooperation

　　D. agreement

　　14. A. occasionally

　　B. scarcely

　　C. probably

　　D. principally

　　15. A. illogical

　　B. unscientific

　　C. meaningless

　　D. important

　　part B

　　Talking to Kids about SARS (非典)

　　School age children may be learning about SARS from adults and the media, but may notknow what to make of the situation, says a national health charity. The Lung Association saysparents should take time to talk to their 1 and explain the facts about SARS and how to avoidthe illness.

　　The following is based on recommendations 2Thursday by the Lung Association:

　　Ask your children if they have heard 3SARS at school, from friends, from TV,etc.Finding out what they already know can be a good 4 to start the conversation and to clearaway any wrong ideas they might have about the illness and how it is spread.

　　School age children are usually old 5 to understand concepts such as getting sick from germs ( 細菌 ) and how to avoid illness. A simple reminder ( 提示) 6 to cough on people and to wash their hands, often may be sufficient for younger kids. All children shouldbe shown how to 7 their hands properly. Remember to keep it simple so 8 not tooverwhelm children with information, but answer them truthfully. Kids can tell when you arenot being honest or if you're hiding something, and sometimes the unknown can be more frightening hag ( 女巫 ) than the 9. Parents with anxious children will know 10 their kids will handle information on SARS and can tailor their discussion accordingly.

　　One way to explain the illness is to the children that SARS is like a bad breathingproblem. It is 11 from a cold, but people can catch it in the same ways -- such as coughingon someone, not washing your hands or sharing a glass with a sick person.

　　Describe how SARS is spread, but mention that the chance of12 SARS is small.

　　There is no reason to tell children people are dying of SARS 13they ask. Never use the threatof death as a way to remind kids to wash their hands.

　　Children should be 14to trust their parents and other caregivers. Explain that manysmart people, 15 doctors and scientists, are working on the problem and looking out foreveryone's health.

　　1. A. families

　　B. children

　　C. friends

　　D. doctors

　　2. A. released

　　B. held

　　C. secured

　　D. regarded

　　3. A. with

　　B. from

　　C. about

　　D. on

　　4. A. way

　　B. pat

　　C. pass

　　D. wheel

　　5. A. already

　　B. yet

　　C. enough

　　D. somewhat

　　6. A. not

　　B. neither

　　C. nor

　　D. no

　　7. A. hold

　　B. put

　　C. shake

　　D. wash

　　8. A. as

　　B. since

　　C. that

　　D. far

　　9. A. story

　　B. information

　　C. truth

　　D. fear

　　10. A. why

　　B. how

　　C. truth

　　D. what

　　11. A. worse

　　B. different

　　C. separated

　　D. similar

　　12. A. curing

　　B. fighting

　　C. knowing

　　D. getting

　　13. A. unless

　　B. since

　　C. after

　　D. while

　　14. A. called

　　B. encouraged

　　C. supported

　　D. warned

　　15. A. as

　　B. except

　　C. like

　　D. despite

　　答案與解析

　　part A

　　1.B。本文重點介紹借抽煙緩解抑郁情緒的青少年到后來他們的depressive symptoms(抑郁癥狀)反而加重了。第二、五、六段都明確提到了這一點。所以B(increase)是答案。其他三個選項的詞義與上下文不符。

　　2.C。抽煙緩解抑郁是一種情緒上(emotional)的得益，不會是social(社會上的)、financial(經濟上的)或political(政治上的)得益。所以答案是C。

　　3.B�？崭袼�在的句子雖然缺詞，但意思還是清楚的，前半句的意思與后半句的意思是相反的。前半句說香煙看上去有助于改善心情，后半句說從長遠角度看，depressive symptoms的風險反而會增加。四個選項中只有選項B的although能將前半句和后半句連接起來，并有“讓步”的意思。

　　4.A。句中的or是“即”的意思，也就是說，to have self-medicating加上填入的詞后的意思相當于to improve mood。四個選項中只有選項A的effects(效果)是填入空格的最合適的詞。to improve mood是自我治療的效果。其他三個選項methods，steps，directions與self-medicating連用，意思分別為“自我治療的方法”“自我治療的步驟”“自我治療的指導”，均與句子的意思不符。

　　5.D。本題要填入的詞是介詞。通過分析可知，their use of cigarettes to affect mood應該是questionnaire(問卷)所要了解的內容。所以，about是正確的選項。

　　6.C�？茖W家在選擇問卷對象時注意了代表性，入選的青少年既有講法語的，也有講英語的，他們就讀的學校有城市的，也有農村的。接下來的問題是：在schools，in high和moderate and low socio e.conomic neighbourhoods(高檔社區(qū)、中檔社區(qū)，低檔社區(qū))之間選哪個詞才符合上下文的意思呢?很明顯，這些學校有位于高檔社區(qū)的，也有位于中檔和低檔社區(qū)的。所以located是答案。

　　7.A。本句的意思很明顯，問卷的參與者被分成三組或三類。groups是正確的選擇。再看其他三個選項：three sets意為“三套”，three species意為“三個物種”，three versions意為“三個版本”，沒有一個是合適的。

　　8.C�？茖W家將參與者分成三組，其中一組的參與者不采用吸煙作為自我調節(jié)情緒的手段。填入的詞應與情緒、身體等有關。若選A、B、D三項，組成的詞組分別是physical world(物質世界)、physical activity(體育活動)、physical beauty(形態(tài)美)，均與上文的意思銜接不上，所以A、B、D不會是答案。由C項state組成的詞組physical state(身體狀況)與上文的意思連貫。因此C是答案。

　　9.D。本段介紹了問卷包含的問題。作者羅列的問題都是負面的，如乏力、失眠、煩躁等。所以填入空格的詞也應該是負面的。trouble符合這個要求，是本題的答案。

　　10.A。第9題選了trouble，空格所在的句子是“…had trouble going to sleep or staying”。or是“即”的意思，也就是說，had trouble going to sleep意思上就相當于“staying”。根據這一判斷，填入空格的詞非awake莫屬。

　　11.B。第一段和第二段都說到，抽煙緩解抑郁心情最終導致更抑郁。本句“Smokers who used cigarettes as mood had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had never smoked”表達的是同樣的意思。文章第二段和第三段都出現(xiàn)improve mood，所以，mood后面要填入的詞應該是improvers，即選項B。而A、C、D的意義均不符合上下文。

　　12.C。本句又重復了上題所表達的意思。只有developing的意義才符合上下文，因此C是答案。

　　13.B。從上下文判斷，本句指的是depression和smoking之間的聯(lián)系，不會是它們之間的差異(difference)、合作(cooperation)或一致性(agreement)。association的詞義是“聯(lián)系”，所以是答案。

　　14.D。調查的對象是青少年，所以不可能是occasionally(偶爾)、scarcely(幾乎不)或probably(很可能)在青少年之中，而是principally(主要)在青少年之中。

　　1 5.D。從通篇文章判斷，“to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke”是做這項調查的發(fā)現(xiàn)和結論，作者說出這一點，只會認為很重要(important)，不會認為不合乎邏輯(illogical)、不科學(unscientific)或沒有意義(meaningless)。所以，important是答案。

　　part B

　　1.B。本題考查句意。從上下文語境來看，根據句子中的parent(父母)，能推斷空格處應填“孩子”。

　　2.A。本題考查句意。從上下文語境來看，空格處應填release(頒布)。

　　3.C。本題考查固定短語，hearof/about(聽說過某事)。

　　4.A。本題考查習慣搭配，表達“做某事的方式應用”a way to do sth.。

　　5.C。本題考查上下文語義。從上下文語境來看，上學的孩子的年齡已經足夠大，可以理解一些概念，所以用old enough to do sth.。

　　6.A。本題考查上下文語義。從上下文語境來看，一個對著人咳嗽和經常洗手的簡單提示對孩子來說就足夠了。顯然不要對著人咳嗽。

　　7.D。本題考查上下文語義。前一句中已經出現(xiàn)過wash their hands這一短語，因此，答案不難選擇。

　　8.A。本題考查固定結構。so as(not)to以便(不)……。

　　9.C。本題考查上下文語義。從上下文語境來看，than前后形成對比，所以空格處應填unknown一詞的反義詞truth。

　　10.B。本題考查狀語從句。四個選項分別代入，從上下文語境來看，此處要表達的是“如

　　何”處理有關非典的信息，英語用how。

　　11.B。本題考查上下文語義。從上下文語境來看，后半句是“然而，人們可以以同樣的方

　　式感染它”，可以推斷空格處應選“不同”。

　　12.D。本題考查動名詞。介詞后的動詞要用doin9的形式，但已經轉化為對詞匯的考查。

　　從上下文語境來看，告訴孩子們非典是如何傳播的，同時要告訴他們SARS的概率是很小的。顯然這里是填感染SARS的概率。

　　13.A。本題考查狀語從句。四個選項分別代入，根據上下文，此處要表達的是“除非”之意，所以用unless。

　　14.B。本題考查上下文語義。根據句子的內容，空格處應填“鼓勵”。

　　15.C。本題考查句意。“醫(yī)生與科學家”是用來舉例說明“許多有才智之人”的，因此應選1ike。

【職稱英語《衛(wèi)生B》完型填空試題與答案】相關文章：

2017年職稱英語衛(wèi)生類B級完型填空試題08-25

2017職稱英語試題衛(wèi)生B級完型填空習題08-03

2017年職稱英語試題衛(wèi)生B級完型填空題07-19

職稱英語衛(wèi)生b完形填空試題附答案10-30

職稱英語理工A完型填空試題及解析07-18

2024年職稱英語真題(衛(wèi)生B)完型填空原文10-10

2017年職稱英語衛(wèi)生類B級完型填空練習09-12

職稱英語衛(wèi)生B完形填空試題08-09

職稱英語考試綜合類B級完型填空試題06-30