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2015年Gmat語法試題及解析
In virtually all types of tissue in every animal species, dioxin induces the production of enzymes that are the organism's trying to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical that is irritating it.
(A) trying to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical that is irritating it
(B) trying that it metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant
(C) attempt to try to metabolize, or render harmless, such a chemical irritant
(D) attempt to try and metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritating it
(E) attempt to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant
首先來用排除法做一下這道題
分析: 排除B,try后面不跟that從句
CD排除,attempt和try重復(fù),犯了GMAT簡潔性原則的大忌
AE對比 the chemical that is irritating it不如the chemical irritant(irritant在這里是名詞)簡潔,化學(xué)刺激物
就比如在GMAT中我們有這樣一條公理 - n..that is (are) adj. 必然要換為adj.+ n.的名詞短語結(jié)構(gòu), 舉個(gè)例子: a girl who is nice 必然要換成a nice girl.
因此,此題選E
但重點(diǎn)來了,這個(gè)句子是不是怎么讀怎么不順,該如何理解呢?
讓我們來分步走:
第一步
先來一起解決一些生詞問題
二惡英:dioxin metabolize:新陳代謝 virtually:事實(shí)上,幾乎
第二步
補(bǔ)充省略部分
In virtually all types of tissue in every animal species, dioxin induces the production of enzymes that are the organism's attempt to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant.
--- 這里的省略了動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)中第二個(gè)to:to metabolize, or to render harmless the chemical irritant.
完整句:In virtually all types of tissue in every animal species, dioxin induces the production of enzymes that are the organism's attempt to metabolize, or to render harmless, the chemical irritant.
第三步
看出that從句中the chemical irritant的共用
hat從句的理解:將其還原后為:that are the organism's attempt to metabolize (the chemical irritant), or to render harmless (the chemical irritant).
第四步
render倒裝句的理解
render是vt,正常語序?yàn)閞ender sth. adj. 意為"致使某物怎么樣了"?吹絭t后面直接形容詞,就想到這個(gè)sth(the chemical irritant)可能因?yàn)殚L度太長被倒裝到后面了。
語序應(yīng)該改為:or render the chemical irritant harmless.
第五步
解析that從句
that指代的enzymes,后面結(jié)構(gòu)是對enzymes的解釋。
有機(jī)體生產(chǎn)酶是有目的的(attempt在這里翻譯成目的),其目的是用來代謝化學(xué)刺激物,或者使這種化學(xué)刺激物無害。
第六步
整句完整翻譯
在幾乎任何動(dòng)物物種的各種組織里,二惡英都會刺激生成酶,有機(jī)體生產(chǎn)酶是有目的的,其目的是用來代謝化學(xué)刺激物,或者使這種化學(xué)刺激物無害。
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