GRE考試閱讀文章的主要類(lèi)型
在GRE考試的備考過(guò)程中，考生可以了解一下閱讀文章一般都有哪些主要的類(lèi)型。下文是百分網(wǎng)小編為大家準(zhǔn)備了GRE考試閱讀文章的幾大類(lèi)型，希望能對(duì)大家有所幫助!
GRE閱讀文章的3種類(lèi)型
1. “1+2+3”模式
這類(lèi)文章內(nèi)容最充實(shí)，是GRE文章的完全體(線(xiàn)下80篇課程中的80與81篇都是這類(lèi)模式)。這類(lèi)文章通常會(huì)在開(kāi)始用簡(jiǎn)短的語(yǔ)言描述一個(gè)老觀(guān)點(diǎn);接下來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)折，提出新觀(guān)點(diǎn);最后再由作者給出針對(duì)這一新觀(guān)點(diǎn)的評(píng)價(jià)。
對(duì)于此類(lèi)文章，理解作者給出的評(píng)價(jià)會(huì)決定你對(duì)這篇文章的理解。但因?yàn)橥瑢W(xué)內(nèi)存小，能堅(jiān)持到最后部分的人不多。加上句內(nèi)句間關(guān)系差，早被前面兩部分的轉(zhuǎn)折以及內(nèi)部的讓步搞得頭暈?zāi)垦！?/p>
2. “1+2”模式
這種模式省去了作者對(duì)于新觀(guān)點(diǎn)所做的評(píng)價(jià)。這類(lèi)文章的常見(jiàn)寫(xiě)法是第一句用一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間引出一個(gè)老觀(guān)點(diǎn)，接下來(lái)發(fā)生一次句間取反，引出新觀(guān)點(diǎn)。之后針對(duì)新觀(guān)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行一些列的`闡述。對(duì)于這種模式，文章的主旨就是新觀(guān)點(diǎn)。
3. “2+3”模式
這類(lèi)文章看不出新老觀(guān)點(diǎn)的對(duì)比，只存在一個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)以及作者對(duì)它的評(píng)價(jià)。評(píng)價(jià)往往是有保留的同意(qualified approval)。
GRE閱讀詞匯的攻克方法
尋找定義
如果文章中出現(xiàn)深?yuàn)W的學(xué)術(shù)名詞，那么在上下文中一定是有解釋的。同學(xué)只要在上下文搜索，便可以大概理解名詞的含義。比如插入語(yǔ)，很多同學(xué)認(rèn)為插入語(yǔ)是文章中無(wú)關(guān)緊要的東西，跳過(guò)不讀，但插入語(yǔ)中往往有對(duì)于復(fù)雜名詞的解釋。
定位標(biāo)記
根據(jù)GRE閱讀的命題規(guī)律，如果出現(xiàn)了復(fù)雜的學(xué)術(shù)名詞，一般都在細(xì)節(jié)題型，定位是一種攻克細(xì)節(jié)題型的方法，閱讀文章時(shí)要對(duì)這些學(xué)術(shù)專(zhuān)有名詞做些標(biāo)記�？忌槍�(duì)文中出現(xiàn)的一些可能考到卻不容易記憶的細(xì)節(jié)，就用些比較簡(jiǎn)單的符號(hào)進(jìn)行標(biāo)記方法比如提煉首字母，將該術(shù)語(yǔ)名詞的首字母標(biāo)記到該行行首等等。當(dāng)一篇文章中出現(xiàn)許多首字母相同的不同名詞時(shí)，可能需要提煉多個(gè)字母，直到該標(biāo)記是能獨(dú)一無(wú)二的標(biāo)記這個(gè)字母位置。根據(jù)以往的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，解題時(shí)只要能夠迅速定位，這些復(fù)雜的詞匯就不會(huì)對(duì)你產(chǎn)生比較強(qiáng)的殺傷力。
找出體系
有時(shí)候復(fù)雜的學(xué)術(shù)名詞成堆出現(xiàn)，一般都是在一個(gè)體系中的。在這個(gè)體系中不同的術(shù)語(yǔ)概念之間一定會(huì)有聯(lián)系，比如，有篇文章分析了厭氧型糖酵解代謝方式，里面可能提到一系列名詞術(shù)語(yǔ)，酵解、肌糖元、三磷酸腺苷、葡萄糖等，可以將它們標(biāo)記在一個(gè)分解或合成反應(yīng)方程式中，如果標(biāo)記后還是糊里糊涂，可以根據(jù)文章地論述將這些術(shù)語(yǔ)標(biāo)記在一個(gè)由簡(jiǎn)單的方框和箭頭構(gòu)成的系統(tǒng)圖中。
很多同學(xué)都認(rèn)為，遇到專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯不認(rèn)識(shí)主要是自己的詞匯量太小，要背更多的單詞才能在考場(chǎng)上游刃有余。這是對(duì)GRE命題意圖的一種誤讀。事實(shí)上，GRE General Test是一般化考試，因此也不會(huì)在專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)名詞方面對(duì)考生有相應(yīng)要求。所以我們并不需要盲目下功夫背誦這種單詞，而是通過(guò)自己的學(xué)習(xí)能力找到解開(kāi)復(fù)雜單詞的鑰匙。
GRE閱讀練習(xí)題
Although Elizabeth Stuart Phelps’ novel Doctor Zay (1882) dominates critical discussion of Phelps’ interest in woman doctors, preceding it were many little-known writings by Phelps. These writings underscored the achievements of already established women doctors, the imperative of medically educating and training women in the face of pernicious resistance, and the medical woman’s symbolic value as an agent of healing in post-Civil War America. An exploration of this largely overlooked early prose demonstrates that Phelps played an instrumental role in legitimizing the American medical woman during a crucial earlier period when the number of women doctors in the United States increased substantially, but the woman doctor remained perhaps the most controversial new presence on the nation’s occupational landscape.
Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.
1. It can be inferred that the author of the passage would be likely to agree with which of the following statements about Phelps’ writing?
A. While Phelps’ earlier works did a great deal toward legitimizing the figure of the American woman doctor, her novel Doctor Zay did not.
B. Critics have tended to underestimate the impact Phelps’ earlier work had in helping to legitimize the figure of the American woman doctor during an important period.
C. The substantial increase in the number of woman doctors in post-Civil War America was a more significant factor than was Phelps’ writing in helping to legitimize woman doctors in post-Civil War America.
Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.
2. The passage provides information on which of the following?
A. The public response to the emergence of women doctors during Phelps’ lifetime
B. How Phelps’ earlier works advanced the cause of American women doctors
C. The relative fame of Doctor Zay in comparison with Phelps’ other writings
1Although Elizabeth Stuart Phelps’ novel Doctor Zay (1882) dominates critical discussion of Phelps’ interest in woman doctors, preceding it were many little-known writings by Phelps.
盡管評(píng)論界說(shuō)起 ESP 對(duì)女醫(yī)生的興趣就提到她的小說(shuō) DZ(1882)，但她此前就寫(xiě)過(guò)許多不為人知的作品。
2 These writings underscored the achievements of already established women doctors, the imperative of medically educating and training women in the face of pernicious resistance, and the medical woman’s symbolic value as an agent of healing in post-Civil War America.
這些作品強(qiáng)調(diào)了已經(jīng)成為醫(yī)生的女性取得的成績(jī)，克服惡毒的阻力也要接受醫(yī)療教育與培訓(xùn)的必要性，以及女性醫(yī)療工作者對(duì)于治療南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后的美國(guó)的符號(hào)價(jià)值。
(underscore 在 … 下劃線(xiàn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)
established 在此可理解為已經(jīng)任職的
imperative 必要的事，必須履行的責(zé)任，需要，命令，祈使語(yǔ)氣
in the face of 不顧某事物，in spite of，亦作 in face of
pernicious 惡毒的，致命的，惡性的，有害的
agent 藥劑，產(chǎn)生某種效果或變化的力量或物質(zhì))
3 An exploration of this largely overlooked early prose demonstrates that Phelps played an instrumental role in legitimizing the American medical woman during a crucial earlier period when the number of women doctors in the United States increased substantially, but the woman doctor remained perhaps the most controversial new presence on the nation’s occupational landscape.
對(duì)這些被相當(dāng)程度忽視的早期散文的探究，證明 P 在早前一個(gè)相當(dāng)重要的時(shí)期為女性醫(yī)療工作者正名的過(guò)程中，發(fā)揮了積極作用，當(dāng)時(shí)美國(guó)的女醫(yī)生數(shù)量大增，但也許在美國(guó)職場(chǎng)中，女醫(yī)生至今仍是最受爭(zhēng)議的新面孔。
(legitimize 使 … 合法
landscape 風(fēng)景，風(fēng)景畫(huà)，景色)
Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.
1. It can be inferred that the author of the passage would be likely to agree with which of the following statements about Phelps’ writing?
A. While Phelps’ earlier works did a great deal toward legitimizing the figure of the American woman doctor, her novel Doctor Zay did not.
B. Critics have tended to underestimate the impact Phelps’ earlier work had in helping to legitimize the figure of the American woman doctor during an important period.
C. The substantial increase in the number of woman doctors in post-Civil War America was a more significant factor than was Phelps’ writing in helping to legitimize woman doctors in post-Civil War America.
選 B
A 錯(cuò)在后一半，小說(shuō) Doctor Zay 有沒(méi)有，我們不知道。
B 正確。句 3 有 largely overlooked 可以對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)中的 underestimate 。
C 也許是對(duì)的，但不能被 infered from the passage，文中看不出這一層意思。
Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.
2. The passage provides information on which of the following?
A. The public response to the emergence of women doctors during Phelps’ lifetime
B. How Phelps’ earlier works advanced the cause of American women doctors
C. The relative fame of Doctor Zay in comparison with Phelps’ other writings
選 ABC
A 選。公眾的態(tài)度是不接受女醫(yī)生，見(jiàn)句 2 in the face of pernicious resistance 。
B 選。P 早期作品如何促進(jìn)了美國(guó)女醫(yī)生的利益，句 2 主干就回答了 how 的問(wèn)題。
C 選。Doctor Zay 有名，文學(xué)批評(píng)界總是提到，早期作品不出名，句 1 可知 little-known 。
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